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一、Alkaline battery definition：

An electrochemical power source (battery) is a device that converts chemical energy directly into electrical energy. A battery is a battery designed to be rechargeable, also known as a secondary battery.

二、Common uses of alkaline batteries

Commonly used batteries are: nickel metal hydride batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, nickel iron batteries, lithium-ion batteries.
Common uses are: batteries for portable equipment: mainly for mobile phones, laptops, toys, power tools, mine lights, etc..
Starter batteries: mainly used for starting, ignition and lighting of automobiles, motorcycles, tractors, diesel engines, etc..
Fixed storage batteries: mainly used as backup power for protection and automatic control of communications, power plants and computer systems.
Traction battery: mainly used for various battery trucks, forklifts, forklifts and other power sources.
Railway storage battery: mainly used for the starting and lighting power of railway diesel locomotives, electric locomotives and buses.
Energy storage battery: mainly used for wind power, solar energy and other power generation energy storage.

三、National testing standards for alkaline batteries:
1、Nickel-cadmium battery standardGB/T22084.1-2008 Batteries and accumulators containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – Portable sealed monobloc batteries Part 1: Nickel-cadmium batteries
GB/T 15142-2002 Nickel cadmium single cell battery with square opening
GJB 2181-1994 General Specification for Nickel Cadmium Batteries

2、Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Standard

GB/T 22084.2-2008 Batteries and accumulators containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – Portable sealed monobloc batteries Part 2: Nickel metal hydride batteries
GB/T 18288-2000 General Specification for Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries for Cellular Telephones
GB/T 18332.2-2001 Nickel metal hydride battery for electric road vehicles
QC/T 744-2006 Nickel metal hydride batteries for electric vehicles

3、Lithium ion battery standard

GB/T 18287-2000 General Specification for Lithium Ion Batteries for Cellular Telephones
GB/Z 18333.1-2001 Lithium-ion battery for electric road vehicles
QB/T 2947.3-2008 Electric Bicycle Battery and Charger Part 3: Lithium-ion Battery and Charger
QC/T 743-2006 Lithium-ion battery for electric vehicles
MT/T 1051-2007 Lithium-ion battery for miner’s lamp

4、Others

GB/T 12725-1991 General Specification for ferronickel alkaline batteries
SJ/T 10484-1994 Specification for alkaline batteries for railway passenger cars

四、International standard
1、Cadmium-nickel battery standard
IEC 61951-1:2003 Batteries and accumulators containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – Portable sealed monobloc batteries Part 1: Nickel cadmium batteries
2. Nickel metal hydride battery standard
IEC 61951-2:2003 Batteries and accumulators containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – Portable sealed monobloc batteries Part 2: Nickel metal hydride batteries
3、Li-ion battery standard
International, European and American standardsIEC 61960:2003/EN 61960:2004 Batteries and accumulators containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – Lithium ion batteries.
IEC 62281:2004/ EN 62281:2004 Safety requirements for lithium primary and storage batteries during transport
UL 1642:2005 Lithium batteries (4th edition)
UN 38.3 United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods – Standards and Test Manual Lithium batteries

五、Battery Testing Program
1Nickel-cadmium battery, nickel metal hydride battery
1 sign
2 sizes
3 weights
4 Discharge performance
5 High Rate Discharge Performance
6 Charge retention and resilience
7 cycle life
8 constant voltage charge receiving capability
9 Overcharge
10 Safety device operation
11 Storage
12 charge holding capacity
13 Continuous charging durability
14 internal resistance
15 socket latch strength
16 inter-unit linkers
17 Working position
18 Airtightness of single battery
19 Temperature shock
20 Vibrations
21 Impact
22 temperature – height
23 withstand voltage
24 working temperature
25 temperature rise
26 Battery pack air tightness
27 High temperature float charge
28 explosive gases
29 Damp Heat
30 Additional tests for internally heated battery packs
31 Fast charging performance
32 Puncture test
33 Short circuit test
34 Safety air valve operating capacity
35 Simple simulation scenarios

2、lithium ion battery
1. Logo
2、Size
3、Weight
4、Discharge performance
5、High current discharge performance
6、High and low temperature discharge performance
7. Charge retention and resilience
8. Cycle life
9. Heat abuse
10. Overcharging
11、Overdischarge
12. External short circuit
13. fall.
14. Extrusion
15、Water immersion16、Acupuncture
17、Simple simulation of working conditions
18. Continuous charging test
19. Heavy impact
20、Overcharge protection
21、Overdischarge protection
22、Short circuit protection
23、Vibration
24、Constant heat and humidity
25. collision
26、High and low temperature impact